1. In Sura Baqara, Ayat 2: 189 (part), Allah (swt) has said that, “They ask you or want to know from you about the new moons. Tell them, these (new moons) are starters of (calculation) of time (months) for entire mankind (linnaas) & for Hajj”. So the Hijri month is counted with the help of a new moon. This is the saying of Allah (swt) for entire mankind (linnaas) and not for any particular race or state. As such, a Unified Hijri year has to be counted in the entire world, based on calculation of lunar months.
2. Allah (swt) has said, in this ayat, about 12 (twelve) new moons by using the word “Ahillati”, which is the plural of the word “Helal” or new moon. Or in other words, Allah (swt) has directed entire mankind of the world to start 12 lunar months with 12 new moons.
3. Again by using the word “Mawakitu”, which is the plural of
the word “Mikaat” or to determine timings, Allah (swt) has directed to determine the starting of 12 months. I do not understand why the translators around the world cannot place the correct meaning of the ayat.
4. Question arises as to why the Muslim Ummah is following different monthly & yearly calendars by deviating from the path of Allah (swt).
5. The Christian months & years are counted as per sun-rise and sun-set only. This is not the following of Allah (swt)’s above-mentioned direction. Because, the moon has got no place in their calendar.
6. The Arabic month starts & ends with new moon. But in the month of Ramadan, fasting is started by sunrise & sun-set, although the month starts with a new moon.
7. The difference between one sun-rise to another sun-rise is 24 hours. This is a Bengali day.
8. Similarly, difference between one sun-set to another sun-set is 24 hours. This is an Islamic day.
9. In the entire world, wherever new moon of Ramadan will be sighted after the sunset, the month of Ramadan will begin from there.
10. Because, rest of the countries will have night & day in next 24 hours. In Islam calculation of a day is started from Magreb.
11. As such, it is possible to observe Ramadan & Eid from the same date, within the cycle of 24 hours and not at the same time or all together.